

That 25% extra gets kicked off by armor and only the remaining damage reduces hitpoints. This means that an attack hitting an armor rating of 5 will be doing 125% of it's actual damage. But 1 point of armor gives a 5% boost to " effective hp".

Armor types are a simple damage modifier. Shields are a first layer of defense and their workings, with shield mitigation and regeneration, counting only as long as they're up(though mitigation is supposed to stay around according to the manual). First off, armor and hull, shields, and armor types are completely unrelated. Obviously 20 damage / 2 second will lose less DPS to armour than 5 damage / 0.5 second.
